PAPER III: OPTICS
UNIT-I Interference
Concept of Spatial and Temporal Coherence,
coherence length, coherence time, Definition and propagation
of a wavefront, Huygen's principle of secondary wavelets.
Young's double slit experiment. Types of interference,
interference by division of wavefronts: Fresnel's Biprism,
Measurement of wavelength A and thickness of a thin
transparent sheet, Interference by division of amplitude:
Interference in thin films of constant thickness in transmitted
and reflected waves. Interference produced by a wedge
shaped film, Newton's rings, Determination of wavelength
and refractive index u by Newton's Rings: fringes of equal
inclination (Haidinger fringes) and equal thickness (Fizeau
fringes), Michelson's Interferometer, shape of fringes,
Measurement of wavelength, difference between two
spectral lines and thickness of a thin transparent sheet.
UNIT-II Diffraction
Fresnel's diffraction, Half period zones, Fresnel's
diffraction at a circular aperture, straight eqge andY arectangular slit, Zone plate, Multiple foci of zone plate,
ompanson between zone plate and convex lens, Fraunhofer
diffraction by single slit and a circular aperture, Fraunhofer
diftraction by N parallel slits with two slits as a special case,
Missing order, Plane diffraction grating and its use in
determining wavelength, Dispersion by a grating, Rayleigh's
criterion of resolution, Resolving power of a Telescope and a Grating.
UNIT-III
(0) Polarization Polarization, Plane, Circular and
Elliptically Polarized light, Polarization by reflection, Double
refraction and Huygen's explanation of double refraction,
Procuction and detection of Plane, Circular and Elliptically
Polarized light, Quarter wave and half wave plates, optical
activity, Specific rotation, Biquartz and half shade
Polarimeters and their comparison.
(ii) Laser: Spontaneous and Stimulated emission
Einstein's A&B coefficients, Energy density ofradiation as
a result f stimulated emission and absorption, population
inversion, Methods of Optical pumping, Energy level
schemes, HeNe, Ruby, CO, lasers.
(iii) Holography: Basic concepts of holography,
Principle, Theory, Construction and reconstruction of image,
Application of holography
UNIT-IV
Wave motion: 1D and 3D wave equation, Transverse
waves in a stretched string, elastic waves in sólids, Pressure
waves in a gas column, spherical waves, Fourier's Theorem
and its application to square and saw tooth waves, Phase
and group velocities, Dispersion ofwaves, Electromagnetic
waves, Energy density of Electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves in an Isotropic and Dispersive
UNIT-I Interference
Concept of Spatial and Temporal Coherence,
coherence length, coherence time, Definition and propagation
of a wavefront, Huygen's principle of secondary wavelets.
Young's double slit experiment. Types of interference,
interference by division of wavefronts: Fresnel's Biprism,
Measurement of wavelength A and thickness of a thin
transparent sheet, Interference by division of amplitude:
Interference in thin films of constant thickness in transmitted
and reflected waves. Interference produced by a wedge
shaped film, Newton's rings, Determination of wavelength
and refractive index u by Newton's Rings: fringes of equal
inclination (Haidinger fringes) and equal thickness (Fizeau
fringes), Michelson's Interferometer, shape of fringes,
Measurement of wavelength, difference between two
spectral lines and thickness of a thin transparent sheet.
UNIT-II Diffraction
Fresnel's diffraction, Half period zones, Fresnel's
diffraction at a circular aperture, straight eqge andY arectangular slit, Zone plate, Multiple foci of zone plate,
ompanson between zone plate and convex lens, Fraunhofer
diffraction by single slit and a circular aperture, Fraunhofer
diftraction by N parallel slits with two slits as a special case,
Missing order, Plane diffraction grating and its use in
determining wavelength, Dispersion by a grating, Rayleigh's
criterion of resolution, Resolving power of a Telescope and a Grating.
UNIT-III
(0) Polarization Polarization, Plane, Circular and
Elliptically Polarized light, Polarization by reflection, Double
refraction and Huygen's explanation of double refraction,
Procuction and detection of Plane, Circular and Elliptically
Polarized light, Quarter wave and half wave plates, optical
activity, Specific rotation, Biquartz and half shade
Polarimeters and their comparison.
(ii) Laser: Spontaneous and Stimulated emission
Einstein's A&B coefficients, Energy density ofradiation as
a result f stimulated emission and absorption, population
inversion, Methods of Optical pumping, Energy level
schemes, HeNe, Ruby, CO, lasers.
(iii) Holography: Basic concepts of holography,
Principle, Theory, Construction and reconstruction of image,
Application of holography
UNIT-IV
Wave motion: 1D and 3D wave equation, Transverse
waves in a stretched string, elastic waves in sólids, Pressure
waves in a gas column, spherical waves, Fourier's Theorem
and its application to square and saw tooth waves, Phase
and group velocities, Dispersion ofwaves, Electromagnetic
waves, Energy density of Electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves in an Isotropic and Dispersive
medium, Spectrum of Electromagnetic waves.
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